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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. R. GARDWELL 8; S. WATSON:

COUPLING FOR PERMANENT WAYS. No. 412,834. Patented Oct. 15, 1889.

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- COUPLING FOR PERMANENT WAYS.

Patented Oct. 15, 1889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT Crricn.

ROBERT CARDIVELL, OF LIVERPOOL, AND SAMUEL WVATSON, OF MANCHESTER, COUNTY OF LANCASTER, ENGLAND.

COUPLING FOR PERMANENT WAYS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent Nb. 412,834, dated October 15, 1889.

Application filed April 22, 1889. Serial No. 808,182. (No model.) Patented in England June 5, 1888, No. 8,176;

in Belgium December 5, 1888, No. 84,186; in France December 6, 1888, No. 194,610, and in Spain'December 1'7, 1888,110. 8,998.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ROBERT OARDWELL, molder, of Liverpool, and SAMUEL WATSON, railway clerk, of Manchester, both in the county of Lancaster, in the Kingdom of Great Britain, have invented new and useful Improvements in Rail Chairs and Couplings for Permanent WVays, (for which we have obtained a patent in Great Britain, No. 8,176,

dated June 5, 1888; France, No. 194,610, December 6, 1888; Belgium, No. 84,186, December 5, 1888, and Spain, No. 8,993, December 17, 1888,) of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to improvements in rail chairs and couplings for permanent ways, and has for its object to simplify and render the means for coupling the rails of permanent ways and the chairs holding the rails more 120 secure by dispensing with the usual wooden wedges, fish-plates, and bolts, respectively, and forming in lieu thereof one of the jaws of the chair hinge-like and suitably securing the same in position. We attain this object by 2 5 the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying two sheets of drawings, in which Figure 1, Sheet I, is a side view, and Fig. 2 a plan, of our improved single chair applied to wooden sleepers; and Fig. l, a side view 0 showing the hinged jaw detached. Fig. 3 is a plan of the same used as a joint-chair in place of the usual fish-plate coupling. Fig. 4, Sheet II, is a side view showing our improved chair cast with a steel sleeper. Fig. 5

3 5 is a plan thereof. Fig. 6 is a side view showing the same applied to a cast-iron or steel sleeper by means of bolts, and Fig. 7 a plan thereof.

Similar letters refer to similar parts through- 0 out the several views.

In carrying out our invention, and referring to Figs. 1 and 2, we form one jaw of the chair such as generally secured to wooden sleepers 3 (preferably the outer one a) movable on the base 1) thereof by hinging it thereto. The lower end of this movable jaw a we form with a boss 0, which is made to fit driven between them.

When placing the rail 0" onto the chair, the hinge-jaw a isswung back into the position shown in dotted lines, Fig. 1. The rail 1 is then placed on the chair and the hinged jaw Ct placed against it, and by driving the metal wedge 9 between the movable jaw CL and base b-t'. e.,its projections f-is securely fastened in the chair. The hinge of the jaw aforming a lever for the wedge g to act on, the rail '1' can be much more firmly and securely fixed to the chair, and the wedge Q will not be affected and liable to get loose by reason of the continuous vibration of the rail, as is the case 7c with wooden wedges.

Another important feature of the hinged jaw a is that the same will permit of the base of the chair being chilled and prevent the same from wearing and the rail from sinking.

The described improvements serve not only for fastening the rails onto the chairs in their continuities, but also for coupling the rail ends, in which case the latter are placed on the chair, the operation of fastening the rail or rail ends being in each case the same. In this latter case, however, the width of the chair and its jaws would be proportionally wider. (See Fig. 3.) If deemed necessary, the same may be furnished with a wooden seating for the rails to rest on when reversible.

Instead of applying our improvements as described to a chair secured, generally, to a wooden sleeper, the same maybe equally well applied to or formed with a cast-steel or iron 9c sleeper, (see Figs. 4 and 5, Sheet 11,) the jaws a and the hinge eyes f being cast therewith, and the hinged jaw a formed and fitted thereto and acted upon by a metal wedge g,

as hereinbefore described; or, if desirable, the formed on the base I) of the chair, substanjaw a and the hinged jaw a may be bolted to tially as and for the purpose specified. a cast-iron or stamped-out sleeper s, as shown in E his OARDWEIL 5 What we claim as our invention, and desire ROB to secure by Letters Patent, is- SAMUEL ATS N,

In single and joint railway-chairs secured to or formed with a sleeper, the hinged jaw a, Witnesses: in combination with a metal wedge g, driven F. BOSSHARDT, IO between the same and the projections f, T. A. FOULKES. 

